Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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Migratory. Many birds move to sub-Saharan Africa and India, few to Australia. On migration, scarce in W Europe, especially during north migration in May, commoner Aug to mid-Sept. Migration across Europe and Middle East overland on broad front, predominantly S-SSW; scarce in Britain and Ireland; many stop over in N Mediterranean, especially France (Camargue) and Italy, whereafter they overfly Sahara, chiefly in Sw direction to W Africa; common on passage through Chad. Spring migration probably more easterly, with brief pauses. Birds wintering in E & S Africa originate from former USSR; birds wintering in India from breeding zone in Siberia between Tyumen and R Kolyma. Many E Siberian breeders pass through S Ussuriland, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, E china and Hong Kong to SE Asian wintering grounds, with only small fraction continuing to Australia, where mainly in NW, also movements through N China and Tibet. In spring, large numbers pass W Aleutians.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1996)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1996) - www.hbw.com,
• Copyright: GROMS/BfN - www.groms.de
  
  (A digitised version of this map is published in GIS shape format on the GROMS CD).