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Migratory, race sasin wintering in C Mexico, with passage through NW Mexico drawn out over long periods; movement begins earlier than in other North American Hummingbirds, males leaving breeding grounds between May and Aug, and most have left California by early Oct, as much as one month before females and juveniles. Return migration from Mexico can begin as early as Jan and territories can be established in N California from mid-Feb. Southward migration is through C Mexico and Arizona but the return movement is thought to be more concentrated in W Mexico. Individuals have been reported in numerous locations outside the traditional range, including in British Columbia, Massachusetts, Alabama and Kansas. Race sedentarius is sedentary.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1999)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1999) - www.hbw.com,
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