Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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Poorly understood: seasonality of occurrence and extent of movements highly complex and imperfectly known (not shown on map). Normally regarded everywhere as sedentary but throughout range there are isolated records indicative of both vagrancy and migration; probably vagrants recorded in N Somalia (Wagar Mts), N Kenya (L Turkana), N Botswana (Maun) and Namibia (Omateva and Oranjemund). In some habitats, such as deciduous or exotic thickets, occurrence may be confined to the rains, when sufficient food and cover exist. In Natal some birds remain throughout year wherever suitable conditions persist, but strong evidence for regular movements, both altitudinal and coastal, possibly over long distances and involving more first-year birds than adults. In Natal, immatures disperse from vicinity of parental territory when c. 7 weeks old.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1996)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1996) - www.hbw.com,
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