Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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Winters mainly offshore within breeding range. S populations relatively sedentary, staying at sea in vicinity of colonies, often visiting colony at night in any month; birds from Alaska and British Columbia migratory, moving S along coast as far as California, where build-up of 500,000-1,000,000 birds occurs during autumn, numbers far exceeding total population from Washington to Baja California. Exodus from wintering areas begins as early as Dec, mostly later during Jan-Feb, with birds reaching N parts of range during Mar-Apr. In general, dispersal patterns and timing of spring influx and autumn exodus require additional study. Distribution largely determined by abundance of small crustaceans, squid and fish.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1996)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1996) - www.hbw.com,
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