Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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An intra-African, transequatorial migrant, although movements rather protracted and not fully understood. After breeding, large flocks may gather prior to migration; often migrates in single-sex flocks, though also in pairs. Leaves breeding grounds Feb-Apr and moves N through S Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, C Zaire, Burundi, Tanzania and SW Kenya. Wintering range (Feb-Oct) apparently SE Nigeria, N & C Cameroon, SW Chad (also Nov record), Central African Republic (possibly except NE), N & NE Zaire, S Sudan and Uganda. Return movements S Occur July-Oct. Movements occasionally irruptive at times. During N movements and non- breeding season, possible vagrants recorded in Gambia, Guinea Bissau, S Ghana, Togo, SW and NE Nigeria, SW Niger, SE Chad, W Sudan (possibly regular in Darfur), E Sudan and S Somalia. During S movements and breeding season, possible vagrants recorded in N Namibia, W Botswana and South Africa.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1999)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1999) - www.hbw.com,
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