Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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N populations (S to C China) migrate to S of range, to Philippines and Indonesia, some birds reaching Wallacea and New Guinea; leave in Oct and return in mid-Apr. Passes through Malay Peninsula Oct-Dec and Mar-Apr. Migration take place by night. S populations (including some of S Japan, S China, N Burma and N Indochina) sedentary. Resident in India with some local movements related to water conditions; may perform some regular migration. Long distance migration has permitted colonization of remote Pacific islands and Seychelles. Accidental to Australia and Christmas I (Indian Ocean).   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1992)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1992) - www.hbw.com,
• Copyright: GROMS/BfN - www.groms.de
  
  (A digitised version of this map is published in GIS shape format on the GROMS CD).