Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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Nominate race migrates after breeding to savannas of Sahel, where probably overlaps with birds of race fuelleborni in N tropics. Southward passage migrant in Israel mainly in Aug and early Sept, moving N again in Apr and early May; common passage migrant through W Saudi Arabia, mainly around inland fresh waters; present in Pakistan Mar-Aug; some movement from Pakistan to W India, where species mingles with G. maldivarum; vagrancy recorded to most European countries N of breeding range. Many African populations nomadic, appearing and disappearing suddenly, often in response to changing water levels; may occur together with G. maldivarum; large numbers in Zambia in dry season, Apr-Nov. Flocks of 1000 or more birds regularly occur on migration; 30,000 birds noted moving N at Juba, S Sudan (4 52' N) in early Apr, 1983, though not clear whether these were all Palearctic breeders, as this race thought not to winter so far S.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1996)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1996) - www.hbw.com,
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