Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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Mostly migratory, wintering S to N tropics; some populations sedentary or partially migratory, e.g. British Is, W & C USA. Moves quickly from breeding grounds to moulting areas, and after few weeks quickly migrates to wintering grounds. High degree of site fidelity at staging sites. Birds wintering in Afrotropics presumably from Russia, crossing Sahara on broad front. European and Atlantic birds move to S & W Europe; species seems to have shifted main moulting grounds from continental (particularly Netherlands) to Britain since late 1950´s. Nearctic population mainly migratory, and birds from Canadian Maritime Provinces perform transoceanic passage to Neotropics. Autumn passage from late Jul to Nov, with arrival in N Africa mainly late Sept to early Oct, S of Sahara mainly Oct to early Nov, South America from Jul; most birds leave South America and Africa in Mar; crosses Europe Mar to early May, males typically arriving on breeding grounds 10-14 days earlier than females.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1996)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1996) - www.hbw.com,
• Copyright: GROMS/BfN - www.groms.de
  
  (A digitised version of this map is published in GIS shape format on the GROMS CD).