Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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Migratory. Probably two main routes, which converge in China: down E coast of Asia, through Ussuriland, Manchuria, Japan and Korea; and overland on broad front through continental Asia, where locally in Tuva; some indications of weak migration through Middle East. In Australia movements dispersive, between temporary wetlands. Most birds winter in SE Asia and Philippines; very few in Australia, though small numbers visit every year and their moult pattern suggests that they are different to SE Asian birds. S passage of adults, females first, starts early Jul and peaks Aug-Sept; N migration Apr-May. Only mildly gregarious, and seldom in large flocks.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1996)

• digitised by GROMS, after del Hoyo J A Elliott; J Sargatal (eds) (1996) - www.hbw.com,
• Copyright: GROMS/BfN - www.groms.de
  
  (A digitised version of this map is published in GIS shape format on the GROMS CD).