Species fact sheet by Global Register of Migratory Species - www.groms.de

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Pattern varies according to locality. Nomadic in E & C Africa, movements seemingly associated with rains, but more regular movements may occur in some areas. In S Africa migrates S to breed in rains, and mostly flies N in dry season, but not to same area every year. Situation uncertain in W Africa, where no definite breeding records, and species is probably only a rather irregular migrant: movements in Nigeria particularly confusing, but species is apparently commonest in N during rains, with some southward movement during dry season; dry season migrant to Ivory Coast; only one record each from N Cameroon and Ghana; said to breed in Chad. Various movements reported in other areas.   (del Hoyo J, Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds), 1994)

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